Greetings! Today, we're going to demystify the crucial terms of Object-oriented programming (OOP): Inheritance and Polymorphism. These concepts form the backbone of efficient OOP. Our journey will unfold as follows: we'll start with an intuitive grasp of Inheritance and its implementation in Scala, and then we'll delve into Polymorphism, with a clear emphasis on method overriding.

Inheritance is similar to repurposing an old blueprint to create something new. In OOP, it lets one class inherit attributes and methods from another.

In Scala, we have the Parent Class, which offers features, and the Child Class, which receives these features. When implementing, we use the extends keyword for the Child class to indicate from which Parent class the features are coming.

Inheritance in Scala involves subclasses inheriting features from their superclass. A significant part of this process is ensuring that constructors in the superclass are adequately invoked by the subclass. Constructors are special methods used to initialize new objects. When a class inherits from another, the subclass must initialize the superclass as well.

When a subclass inherits from a superclass and both have primary constructors, the superclass's constructor automatically gets called when creating an instance of the subclass: