Welcome back! In the previous lessons, you learned how to retrieve and create ToDo items. Now, it's time to make our application even more powerful by adding the ability to update and delete ToDo items. These actions are crucial because they allow users to manage their tasks dynamically, keeping their to-do list accurate and up-to-date.

In this lesson, you will:

1. Add functionality to update an existing ToDo item.
2. Implement the ability to delete ToDo items.

Both of these features are critical for a fully functional ToDo application. Imagine having a list that you can't edit or update — you would soon find it outdated and not very useful.

Let's first look at how to add the update feature. Open your todos_controller.rb and add the following methods:

class TodosController < ApplicationController
  def edit
    @todo = TodoService.get_by_id(params[:id])
  end

  def update
    todo = TodoService.update(params[:id], todo_params)
    if todo
      redirect_to todo_path(todo[:id])
    else
      render :edit, status: :unprocessable_entity
    end
  end

  private

  def todo_params
    params.require(:todo).permit(:title, :description)
  end
end

Additionally, update the TodoService to include the update method:

class TodoService
  # Existing methods...

  def self.update(id, params)
    todo = Todo.find_by(id: id)
    return false unless todo

    if todo.update(params)
      todo
    else
      false
    end
  end
end

Explanation:

• edit method: This method retrieves the ToDo item that needs to be edited. It does so by calling TodoService.get_by_id, passing in the id from the parameters, and assigns it to the instance variable @todo.

• update method: This method updates the ToDo item. It calls TodoService.update, providing the id and the permitted parameters from todo_params. If the update is successful (todo is truthy), it redirects to the show page of the updated ToDo. If the update fails, it re-renders the edit form, returning an unprocessable_entity status.

• todo_params method: This private method uses strong parameters to control which attributes can be updated. It requires the parameters to have a todo object and permits only the title and description attributes.

• TodoService.update method: Finds a ToDo item by its id and updates it with the provided parameters. It returns the updated todo object if successful, otherwise false.

In the form view (app/views/todos/edit.html.erb), we'll create a form for users to edit their existing ToDo items:

<h1>Edit Todo</h1>
<%= form_with scope: :todo, url: todo_path(@todo[:id]), method: :put, local: true do |form| %>
  <div>
    <%= form.label :title %>
    <%= form.text_field :title, value: @todo[:title] %>
  </div>
  <div>
    <%= form.label :description %>
    <%= form.text_area :description, value: @todo[:description] %>
  </div>
  <div>
    <%= form.submit "Update" %>
  </div>
<% end %>
<%= link_to 'Delete', todo_path(@todo[:id]), method: :delete, data: { confirm: 'Are you sure?' } %>

Explanation:

• form_with: Generates a form for the ToDo item using form_with. It sets the method to put to represent an update action and scopes it to the todo object.

• Form elements: The form contains a labeled text field for the title and a text area for the description, pre-filled with the current values using @todo.

• Submit button: The form includes a submit button labeled "Update" that will send the updated data when clicked.

• Delete link: A link is provided to allow users to delete the ToDo item directly from the edit page, with a JavaScript confirmation dialog.

Deleting a ToDo item is just as important as creating or updating one. Here's how you can enable users to remove tasks that are no longer needed. Add the destroy method to your todos_controller.rb:

class TodosController < ApplicationController
  def index; @todos = TodoService.get_all; end

  def show; @todo = TodoService.get_by_id(params[:id]); end
  
  def edit; @todo = TodoService.get_by_id(params[:id]); end

  def update
    todo = TodoService.update(params[:id], todo_params)
    redirect_to todo ? todo_path(todo[:id]) : :edit, status: todo ? :ok : :unprocessable_entity
  end

  def destroy
    TodoService.delete(params[:id])
    redirect_to todos_path
  end

  private

  def todo_params
    params.require(:todo).permit(:title, :description)
  end
end

Add the delete method to the TodoService:

class TodoService
  # Existing methods...

  def self.delete(id)
    todo = Todo.find_by(id: id)
    todo&.destroy
  end
end

Explanation:

• destroy method in the controller: This method deletes the specified ToDo item by calling TodoService.delete with the appropriate id. After deletion, it redirects to the list of all ToDos (todos_path).

• TodoService.delete method: This method retrieves the ToDo item by its id and deletes it using the destroy method if it exists. The safe navigation operator & is used to ensure that destroy is called only if todo is not nil.

Updating and deleting ToDo items are essential features for any task management application. They provide users with the flexibility to keep their task list current, efficient, and relevant. The ability to modify and clean up a to-do list is what makes an application truly dynamic and user-friendly.

By the end of this lesson, you will have empowered users to interact more meaningfully with your app, making it a valuable tool for everyday task management. Exciting, isn't it? Let's jump into the practice section and bring these features to life!