Welcome to today's lesson! We're diving into Binary Search, a clever technique for locating specific elements within a sorted list. We can find the targeted item by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half. It's akin to flipping through a dictionary — instead of going page by page, you'd start in the middle, then narrow down the section in half until you find your desired word.

Binary Search begins at the midpoint of a sorted list, halving the search area at each step until it locates the target. For example, if we were to look for the number 8 in a sorted list that ranges from 1 to 10, we would begin at 5. Since 8 is larger than the midpoint, we would look within the second half of the list, leaving us with numbers 6 to 10. Within the remaining list, the middle number is 8; thus, we've found our number.

Let's see how Binary Search can be implemented in Java, taking a recursive approach. This process involves a function calling itself—with a base case in place to prevent infinite loops—and a recursive case to solve more minor parts of the problem.