In the world of computing, the need to store and manage information arises often. Each day we interact with various applications, each of which manages numerous data points behind the scenes. From the posts we see on social media, the products we browse on online shopping sites, to the high scores we earn on our favorite games—these pieces of information need to be stored and managed.

But where and how is all this data stored?

That's where databases come in! A database functions like the warehouse of an application, storing all the necessary data and making it accessible when required. Just as our school has a library where all books are stored and available for borrowing when needed, an application has a database where it stores all its data.

Just as the librarian categorizes books, keeps them organized, ensures they are accessible, and supervises the borrow and return process, a Database Management System (DBMS) manages databases. It simplifies the tasks of storing, retrieving, and updating data, just as the librarian makes it easy for us to find and borrow books, while also keeping track of what's been borrowed, returned, or is overdue.

One of the popular systems for managing databases is MongoDB. Picture MongoDB as a superhero librarian in the universe of databases, capable of handling loads of information quickly and flexibly.

By the end of this lesson, you will grasp the basics of databases and understand why we choose MongoDB as our superhero librarian. Prepare for some practice exercises at the end to solidify your understanding. Let's commence our journey to explore the cosmos of MongoDB!

Essentially, we have two types of databases - SQL (Structured Query Language) and NoSQL (Not Only SQL) databases.

SQL databases, also known as Relational Databases, store data in a structured, organized manner with well-defined patterns, similar to how our Legos are sorted in a box based on their type and color. On the other hand, databases, such as MongoDB, lack a formal structure and can deal with all kinds of data, akin to a large box containing assorted types of Lego pieces.