Welcome to our lesson on "Introduction to Currying and Partial Application" in Python. Today, we’ll explore these functional programming techniques and understand their benefits. The goals for this lesson include grasping the concepts of currying and partial application and implementing them in Python.

Currying and partial application transform functions to be more modular and reusable. Understanding these techniques helps you write cleaner and more maintainable Python code.

Currying is a technique where a function is transformed into a sequence of functions, each with a single argument. Instead of a function taking multiple arguments, you have a series of functions, each taking one argument.

For example, consider a function add that takes two arguments, a and b, and returns their sum:

When we curry this function, it becomes:

Let's see currying in action with an example:

In the code above, curried_add takes an integer and returns a lambda that takes another integer . The function is created by calling with , resulting in a function that adds to its argument. Calling adds and , giving us . This method makes functions more modular and reusable.