Welcome to another exciting session! In today's lesson, we face a unique coding challenge. We will traverse the digits of a number using a while loop and a specific condition. You will hone your skills in working with loops and conditional statements, both of which are fundamental building blocks of programming. Shall we begin?

Our mission today is somewhat mind-twisting! We need to create a function that operates on an input integer to calculate the sum of its even-numbered digits. However, we won't convert this integer to a string at any point during this process. For example, given an integer n with a value of 4625, our output should be 12, which is the sum of the even digits 4, 6, and 2.

Remember, n will always be a positive integer that falls within the range of 1 to 100,000,000. Are you ready for the challenge? Awesome! Let's get started!

In TypeScript, it's a good practice to define variables with type annotations. We will follow this practice as we set up the basic structure for our function. In this step, we define a variable, digit_sum, that will accumulate the sum of the even digits.

Here's the initial framework of our function:

The most effective tool for iterating through the digits of n is a while loop. The loop will run as long as n is greater than zero. Integrating this into our function produces:

Within our loop, we'll extract the last digit of n using the modulo operation (n % 10). If this digit is even, we add it to the digit_sum. TypeScript allows us to specify the function's return type, ensuring added type safety.

After we process a digit, we'll truncate the last digit of n using integer division (Math.floor(n / 10)). This step readies the while loop for the next digit.

This is what the final code looks like:

Congratulations on completing this lesson! You have navigated through foundational concepts, including using a while loop to iterate through the digits of a number and understanding how to apply conditions within that loop. Now, the baton is in your hands! Tackle more challenges to solidify and expand upon your newly acquired skills. Remember that your growth is only limited by the extent of your dedication. Keep practicing — your TypeScript competency is growing with each challenge you conquer!