Hello! Today's journey ventures into the cornerstone of TypeScript's object-oriented fundamentals: Encapsulation. This concept establishes a protective barrier around an object's data, thereby preventing it from being accessed by the external code ecosystem. Let's dive in.

Encapsulation serves three main purposes: it maintains integrity, controls data modification, and provides data abstraction — interfaces that are accessible to users. Think of using a cell phone; you interact with an interface without interfering with its circuits. Following this logic, encapsulation safeguards the internal implementation while exposing safe interfaces.

Now, let's discuss Private Data: In TypeScript, we can specify private data using the keyword private. These data fields cannot be accessed outside the class. We will illustrate this with a Car class, introducing a private attribute called _speed:

This class has a private member, _speed, which cannot be accessed directly outside the class. The underscore _ before speed is a naming convention that indicates it is a private attribute.

Getters and Setters are tools used to control access to private data. In our Car class, a getter function retrieves the _speed attribute, while a setter function modifies it as follows:

These methods allow us to retrieve or change the car's speed in a safe manner.

Armed with these concepts, we can construct a Car class that showcases encapsulation:

And, here is how we will use this class (keep in mind that when using get/set methods, we don't use parentheses):

These codes demonstrate private attributes in action, employing getters and setters and encapsulating the inner workings of the Car class.

Great job getting this far. As a result of this lesson, your toolbelt now includes:

• An understanding of private data
• Knowledge about the roles of getters and setters

Inscribe these lessons into your programming mind and continue your journey! There are hands-on exercises in store for you — they offer practical experience and help bond your understanding of the concepts learned. Keep following the path to becoming a TypeScript pro — the journey is worth it!